The RE-AIM framework developed by Glasgow et al. (1999) has 5 analysis elements.
- Attain: share of individuals from a given inhabitants who take part in a program and their traits. For example, organizational attain with stakeholders could possibly be oblique, meant or direct. Attain is the variety of contributors in this system divided by the dimensions of the goal inhabitants.
- Effectiveness: constructive and unfavourable program outcomes. These are usually measured because the share of contributors who expertise given constructive and unfavourable program outcomes. Along with affected person scientific outcomes, different varieties of outcomes embody (i) behavioral outcomes for contributors (e.g., smoking cessation, consuming patterns, bodily exercise), (ii) outcomes for workers who ship an intervention (approaching sufferers, delivering prompts and counseling, making follow-up calls), and (iii) outcomes for the payers and purchasers who help the intervention (adopting an intervention, altering insurance policies). High quality of life must also be thought-about akin to affected person functioning, psychological well being, and client satisfaction.
- Adoption: p.c of attainable settings (e.g., organizations) and employees which have agreed to take part in this system. One may consider this as organizational buy-in. Adoption is normally assessed by direct commentary or structured interviews or surveys.
- Implementation: the extent to which this system was delivered as meant and its price. Implementation may be evaluated on the particular person and group ranges. On the particular person degree, one can measure participant follow-through or “adherence”; on the organizational degree, one can measure the share of employees members who implement this system as meant.
- Upkeep: upkeep of the first outcomes (>6 months) for people; sustainability of the delivered applications for organizations. For people, relapse or discontinuation is a problem and ought to be evaluated; on the organizational degree, one ought to measure the extent to which a well being promotion apply or coverage turns into routine and a part of the on a regular basis tradition and norms of a company.
A abstract of the 5 dimensions in desk kind is under.
Every of the 5 dimensions listed above is represented on a 0 to 1 (or 0% to 100%) scale. A part of the rationale for the title is that an intervention’s influence is a operate of it’s attain and effectiveness (Impression = Attain × Efficacy) as outlined by Abrams et al. (1996). Moreover, Effectiveness = Implementation × Efficacy. An intervention could also be efficacious, however it is just efficient if that intervention readily interprets to the real-world. Nonetheless, interventions could have a big influence in short-term research-based environments however is probably not sustainable. The “AIM” element goals to extra utterly characterize the general public well being influence of an intervention primarily based on organizational elements. RE-AIM has been used to judge quite a lot of interventions akin to:
A key query is whether or not RE-AIM can be utilized not just for particular person interventions, but in addition for multi-faceted interventions that concentrate on plenty of totally different stakeholders (e.g., suppliers, educators, others). A paper by Candy et al. 2014 notice that RE-AIM could possibly be utilized to to multi-faceted intervention in certainly one of 3 ways:
- Exercise particular method. Underneath this method, every exercise undertaken could be evaluated primarily based on the RE-AIM dimension it focused. “For example, awareness-raising methods would goal attain or adoption, bodily exercise promotion methods could be used to enhance effectiveness and upkeep, and provider-training methods could possibly be recognized as strategies to enhance adoption and implementation of evidence-based pointers.”
- Additive method. On this methodology, data could be collected throughout the initiatives after which amalgamated to tell every RE-AIM dimension. For example, attain could possibly be evaluated primarily based throughout all actions (e.g., mailers, web site visits, participant enrollment). This method permits for a superb seize of total influence however not how any particular exercise moved the needle on a given RE-AIM dimension.
- Hybrid method. On this method, researchers determine pragmatically which methods deserve a extra thorough RE-AIM analysis and that are finest evaluated utilizing one or two RE-AIM dimensions. The choice is commonly decided ‘pragmatically’ primarily based on the views of the stakeholders. Swett et al. argues that this method “can velocity the mixing of analysis, coverage and apply…[and] additionally scale back burden on contributors and companion organizations…”
The Candy al. 2014 paper applies the RE-AIM multifaceted framework to the SCI Motion Canada, which was an initiative whose mission was to ‘develop and mobilize methods to tell, educate and allow individuals residing with SCI to provoke and preserve a bodily lively life-style’. The particular metrics used as a part of their software of RE-AIM to the SCI Motion Canada intervention are proven under.
You possibly can learn extra about how they carried out this method within the full paper right here.
